|
Information on doses for drugs licensed for use in animals should be obtained from the IVS or the manufacturer’s data sheet. The information here is intended as a guide only. Remember, unlicensed drugs are given on your responsibility. Remember withholding times in food animals too. The list of drugs available in NZ (and their price!) is subject to change. Errors and omissions, email me. | |
 |
lactulose osmotic laxative indications constipation, hepatic encephalopathy precautions diabetics dose constipation cats 0.25 - 5mL 2 - 3 times daily po (0.66g/mL) hepatic encephalopathy 0.5mL/kg levothyroxine (Eltroxin) synthetic thyroid hormone (T4) indications hypothyroidism pharmacokinetics rapidly converted to T3, half life 10-16 hours, but biological effect lasts longer than this. peak plasma concentration is 4-12 hours precautions monitor T4 dose dogs usually 20µg/kg twice daily for 3 months then decrease to 20µg/kg once daily. Start with a lower dose if there is cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, hypoadrenocorticism liver or kidney disease cats - 50 - 100µg once daily horses 10 mg in 70 ml of corn syrup once daily birds dissolve 100µg tablet in 30-120 ml of water, offer this solution for 15 minutes per day note mental state/alertness should improve In 1-3 weeks; skin and weight improve in weeks to months drug interactions corticosterolds, phenytoin, salicylates, frusemide and androgens enhance the elimination of T4 by decreasing protein binding T4 increases the actions of catecholamines ketamine will cause tachycardia and hypertension when used in patients receiving T4 the therapeutic effect of digoxin may be reduced by T4 lignocaine lidocaine USAN local anaesthetic, antiarrhythmic indications local anaesthesia, ventricular tachyarrhythmias side effects reduced cardiac output (syncope), sedation, convulsions contra-indications as an antiarrhythmic atrial fibrillation or flutter precautions do not use lignocaine with adrenaline as an antiarrhythmic dose local anaesthesia max dose 7mg/kg arrhythmias dogs 2 - 4mg/kg slow iv then 25 - 75µg/kg/min iv initial iv bolus then constant iv infusion (if do not use a loading dose then at maximum infusion rates it will take 1-2 hours to reach therapeutic concentrations of 2-6 µg/ml) Cat- 0.25 - 0.75 µg/kg very slowly then 10 - 40 µg/kg/min May need to repeat half the initial loading dose in 20 - 40 minutes liothyronine (T3) thyroid hormone indications T4 to T3 conversion defect or if thyroxine is poorly absorbed. pharmacokinetics peak plasma levels 2-5 hours after administration, half life 5-6 hours dose dogs 4-6 ug/kg q 8 hours cats 4/4 ug/kg p 8-12 hours therapeutic monitoring: prepill and 2-4 hours post pill lithium indications stimulate erythropoiesis - oestrogen-induced bone marrow hypoplasia? dose lithium carbonate 11 mg/kg po twice daily lithium citrate 23.5 mg/kg per day in divided doses therapeutic plasma levels 0.5 and 1.8 mEq/L. toxicity may occur above serum levels of 1.5 mEq/L loperamide gut spasmolytic opioid indications intractable diarrhoea dose dog 80 - 200µg/kg 2 - 3 times daily po cat 100 - 300µg/kg 2 - 3 times daily po |
|
drug names |
|
|
