Bladder
• cystitis is common and is treated with antibiotics
• incontinence is common after spaying in bitches - α1 agonists ± oestogens
• urine pH is sometimes manipulated to increase the effects of drugs or dissolve stones
• drugs which affect motility have lots of side effects
• drugs do not always work
commonly used drugs
cystitis
amoxycillin
ampicillin
incontinence
phenylpropanolamine ± oestrogen

The bladder

The bladder is a common cause of problems, particularly in dogs and cats.

Common problems
Cystitis
Incontinence and retention
Urolithiasis


Bladder lecture

Drugs acting on the bladder

Common problems

disease drugs used
cystitis antibacterials, (urinary antiseptics)
urolithiasis antibacterials and surgery, dietary control, urinary acidifiers / alkalinisers, diuretics, specific drugs to stop production of calculus
sphincter mechanism incontinence α1 agonists, oestrogens
urinary retention cholinergic agonists / antagonists, central muscle relaxants